Huachen Textile Printing and Dyeing
Differences Between Reactive Dyeing and Conventional Dyeing
Reactive dyeing involves bonding the reactive groups of dyes to fiber molecules under specific conditions. The dyes penetrate the fabric, and through a chemical reaction, the dyes and fibers form an integrated whole. This process is referred to as reactive dyeing. Generally, the color permeates deeply into the fabric.
Conventional dyeing, also known as pigment printing, relies on adhesives to physically bond the color to the fabric. Simply put, the pigment adheres to the surface of the fibers.
The key differences between reactive dyeing and conventional dyeing are as follows:
Softness: Reactive-dyed fabrics feel soft and natural, with colors fully integrated into the fibers. The dyeing effect is consistent on both sides of the fabric.
Conventional dyeing results in stiff textures, akin to the feel of oil paintings, due to surface-level pigment adhesion.
Conventional dyeing is simpler and cheaper but has drawbacks:
Poor color fastness (colors fade after washing).
Higher formaldehyde content, making it less eco-friendly.
Stiff printed areas unless softened with additives, which may introduce formaldehyde pollution.
Reactive dyeing offers advantages like breathability, durability, and softness. However, it involves complex, lengthy processes and higher technical demands. Reactive-dyed fabrics are generally eco-friendly, with vibrant colors and a consistent, soft feel.
How to Identify Conventional vs. Reactive Dyeing:
Color: Conventional prints appear dull and "float" on the fabric surface, resembling a layer of paint on a wall.
Sheen: Conventionally dyed fabrics often undergo calendering (a glossy finish), but this shine disappears after washing.
Odor: Conventional prints may emit a strong chemical smell due to unwashed adhesives.
Texture: Stiffness in conventional prints is often masked by temporary softeners added during finishing, which wash out over time.
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